November is Stomach Cancer Awareness Month, a time when we come together to shed light on a disease that affects countless lives around the world. In 2020, over a million people were diagnosed with stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, worldwide. It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer, and fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. This month serves as a reminder of the importance of early detection, understanding the risks, and supporting those who are impacted by this form of cancer.
The Significance of Stomach Cancer Awareness Month:
Gastric Cancer Awareness Month plays a crucial role in educating individuals about the risks and symptoms associated with stomach cancer. Gastric cancer affects the stomach lining, and can spread to other organs and throughout the body.
By raising awareness, the aim is to encourage early detection and provide support to those battling this condition. While many people may not be familiar with the signs of stomach cancer, this month is a valuable opportunity to change that.
Prevalence of Stomach Cancer:
Stomach cancer is more common in certain parts of the world, particularly in Asia and South America. However, it affects many individuals globally every year. In 2022, approximately 4,100 Canadians were diagnosed with gastric cancer, while in 2023, approximately 26,500 people in the United States will be diagnosed with gastric cancer. It is the fifth most common cancer and fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.
Risk Factors:
Various factors can lead to a greater risk of developing gastric cancer, such as:
- Infection with Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori),
- A history of certain stomach conditions,
- A family history of stomach cancer
- Smoking
- Exposure to workplace toxins
- Gender: men have a higher risk of gastric cancer than women
- Age: there is an increased risk of gastric cancer in older people above the age of 65
Some lifestyle changes can help decrease your risk of developing stomach cancer, such as quitting smoking and eating a healthy diet, high in fruits and vegetables and low in processed and smoked meats.
Stomach Cancer Symptoms:
Stomach cancer often exhibits symptoms that may be confused with other digestive issues. For example, some common gastric cancer symptoms include:
- Persistent indigestion
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Unexplained weight loss
- A sense of fullness after eating small amounts
- Nausea
- Difficulty swallowing
Recognizing these signs is the first step in seeking a diagnosis.
When to Seek Medical Attention:
If you or someone you know experiences any of the aforementioned symptoms, it’s vital to consult a healthcare professional promptly. Gastric cancer, like many other forms of cancer, is most treatable when detected when you have an early diagnosis.
How is Stomach Cancer Diagnosed?
Gastric cancer is usually diagnosed using a combination of different tests, which may include:
- Blood Tests
- Endoscopy: a medical procedure in which a doctor a examines the inner lining of the stomach using a thin tube. During an endoscopy, a tissue sample can be removed.
- Biopsy: a biopsy is the removal of sample tissues for testing. The sample can be removed during the endoscopy and tested in a lab.
- Imaging Tests: CT scans, MRIs, etc.
- Exploratory Surgery: surgery may be used to help determine whether your cancer has spread to other parts of your body
Stages of Gastric Cancer:
The stages of stomach cancer depend on the amount and location of cancer in the body at the time of diagnosis. The stages of gastric cancer are 0-4; the higher the stage of the cancer, the more advanced it is. It is easier to treat while it is in the earlier stages rather than more advanced stages.
Understanding the stages of gastric cancer is crucial for determining the extent of the disease and the most appropriate treatment. Healthcare professionals use staging to classify the cancer, which influences the treatment approach. Learning about these stages can help individuals grasp the potential course of their cancer journey.
Types of Stomach Cancer:
There are several different types of gastric cancer, including:
- Adenocarcinoma: the most common type of gastric cancer, beginning in the cells that line the stomach
- Squamous cell carcinoma: type of gastric cancer that develops in the squamous cells that line the upper part of the stomach
- Lymphoma: type of cancer that starts in white blood cells called lymphocytes
- Sarcomas: cancers that develop in muscle or bone
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: type of tumor that develops in the stomach wall
Healthcare Professionals and Treatment Options:
The treatment of gastric cancer typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, and other healthcare professionals. Together, they develop a comprehensive treatment plan. Cancer treatments may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Knowing the role of each healthcare professional and the available treatment options can empower individuals as they navigate their diagnosis and receive expert care.
Support and Awareness:
Support plays a crucial role in the journey of those affected by stomach cancer. Family, friends, and the broader community can offer emotional assistance and encouragement to individuals facing this diagnosis. Raising awareness about gastric cancer is essential in promoting early detection and providing support to those in need.
If you, a family member, or someone else you know has been diagnosed, there are several stomach cancer support groups, including in-person and online. The American Cancer Society, for example, has helpful information and several support groups for those with a gastric cancer diagnosis.
It is important to me to raise awareness for all sorts of stomach illnesses. The month of November is a time to unite in raising awareness of stomach cancer, understanding its signs and symptoms, acknowledging the risks, and offering support to those affected by this serious disease. By fostering a community of awareness, we can make strides in early detection and improving the lives of individuals battling gastric cancer.